GiveBetter x USA

Kids and Car Safety

Vehicle-injury prevention, incident research, education, and safer-design advocacy

Research time: ~9 min on GPT-6 Astra Light + ~91 min on GPT-6 Astra Medium + ~8 min on GPT-6.1 Sol
  • Research — reviewed programs, finances and impact evidence.
  • Source audit — checked claims, assumptions and calculations.
  • Modeling — estimated costs, QALYs and uncertainty.

Updated: 2026-10-02

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Summary

What do they do? Kids and Car Safety documents vehicle-related injuries, educates caregivers and supports affected families. It advocates vehicle designs that can detect an unattended child and alert someone able to provide a timely rescue. Its national work also covers backovers, frontovers, entrapment and submersion.

Why we’re interested in this organization:

  • Detecting a child and enabling timely rescue offers a clear route to preventing avoidable deaths.

  • Incident evidence and family testimony can inform a still-developing technical standard.

  • The organization is small and publicly active, making a focused advocacy contribution plausible.

Our main reservations:

  • The change in adoption caused by additional support is a forecast assumption, not an identified organization-specific effect.

  • Field effectiveness, fleet coverage and rescue behavior are not established by selected laboratory scenarios.

  • Net technology prices across many purchasing households can outweigh benefits; original financial re-verification and current funding capacity remain unresolved.

What do you get for your dollar? The current model estimates net harm after health and household-resource effects; no positive cost per DALY applies.

Earlier effective detection and rescue may prevent child deaths and nonfatal heat injury. The preferred modeled acquisition-cost timing outweighs those clinical benefits; cheaper net devices reverse the sign. Historical $920K is preserved separately, not confirmed.

1. What do they do?

Kids and Car Safety gathers incident evidence, brings affected families into policy discussions and presses for better detection and escalating alerts. Its 2026 public activity supports continued operation. This review prices one prospective advanced-detection timing pathway, not every program or all future vehicle-safety improvements. Existing manufacturer systems, statutory obligations, other advocates and public education continue without another donation.

The illustrative work is maintaining evidence, recruiting survivor testimony, preparing technical comments and engaging manufacturers. A capacity sketch of 500 fully loaded expert hours at $150/hour plus $25,000 specialist/communications support is a judgment, not a quoted unfunded package. We normalize to the latest $256,454 annual recipient expense and charge that full cost scale, without multiplying by another program-allocation fraction.

2. Monitoring and information sharing

NHTSA, checked October 2, reports 31 child vehicular heatstroke deaths in completed 2025. Surveillance counts are not charity outcomes; year-to-date counts and weather-confounded trends do not identify impact. The current OIRA record remains at prereule stage. Its statutory deadline and ANPRM timetable do not prove a final rule, compliance or actual deployment.

Useful monitoring would connect a funded work plan to a specific specification or timing change, then risk-weighted installed coverage, reliable detection, alert recipients and timely rescue. Model counts, media mentions, brochures and hearings are activities, not prevented deaths. Funding substitution, staff/consultant capacity, false alarms and household price incidence need separate observation. Existing reminders and radar deployments belong in the counterfactual.

3. Qualitative assessment

NHTSA’s original door-logic tests found gaps in selected scenarios, including no gained-access alert. They explicitly do not estimate field mortality prevention. The primary author-institution abstract evaluates representative fatal-event scenarios, not a randomized deployment trial. Transport Canada’s public abstract favors advanced radar/strong alerts; the email-only full report was not obtained. We import no unseen field coefficient.

The industry reminder commitment and Toyota’s existing radar system are active alternatives, not evidence that all cars have effective child detection. Connectivity, opt-in alerts, older vehicles and actual rescue limit reach. Sustained advocacy supports a plausible mechanism but does not independently calibrate a donation-to-adoption probability.

4. What do you get for your dollar?

GiveBetter sees a plausible mortality-prevention mechanism, but the preferred conditional forecast has a negative combined result: per $10,000, 0.05 health QALYs and −0.07927 household-resource-equivalent years, totaling −0.02576. No positive cost per DALY applies to that signed total. The original roughly $92K health-only estimate remains historical, not the result of this reassessment. The revised health-only calculation is about $187K per DALY.

The model asks whether one additional annual work portfolio raises the probability of one-year-earlier advanced detection from 25% to 25.5%. That 0.5-percentage-point difference is a standardized elicitation prior—not a source-estimated KACS effect. The $10,000 illustration represents 0.03899 annual work portfolios, capped at one. Replacement funding, regulator/manufacturer effort and other advocates are inside this direct comparison, not multiplied again.

Protection begins in year five rather than six, expands by five percentage points annually to 80% and eventually converges. Coverage, timing and 60% incremental mortality reduction relative to current reminders are judgments. The finite child-survival prior is 60 years at 0.95 utility with 3% discounting, about 26.29 health years at the event date. Avoided nonfatal episodes, short symptom benefit and rescue harm are separate uncertain priors; clinical timing and later survival are each discounted once.

Household costs matter because advanced protection reaches many more purchasers than the number of children saved. A stylized 100-million-household cohort maps the same coverage fraction to risk and once-only acquisitions; at 80% it implies 80 million systems, not 100 million purchases every year. That homogeneous risk/purchaser mapping is a strong assumption, not observed targeting. The preferred $25 net incremental household price is after existing reminders, shared hardware value, manufacturer absorption and insurer offsets. It is not an observed radar price. The earlier purchase loss and later identical counterfactual loss are both credited at their actual dates, so undiscounted acquisitions cancel rather than charging a permanent extra device stream.

Avoided nonfatal episodes receive one $1,000 net medical/unreplaced after-tax caregiver-pay benefit; rescued otherwise-deceased children incur one $2,500 acute household bill. These are judgments after insurance, paid leave and benefit offsets, not societal savings, shadow time or saved children’s lifetime wages. Each uses a one-year consumption window, independently of the long health tail. Coefficient Giving’s income-to-health welfare comparison is used; resource equivalents are not observed clinical QALYs.

At a $15 net technology price, the conditional combined estimate becomes positive at about $1.7M per DALY; at $25 it is negative. We do not select the cheaper assumption to preserve a favorable ranking. Zero price, changed risk concentration, weaker/stronger influence, clinical null, adverse policy delay and independent harms are separate diagnostics—not confidence limits. Clinical overlap removes only potentially overlapping positive nonfatal symptom credit, never prevented-death benefit or negative costs. The complete portfolio and a verified ordinary-gift return remain unidentified.

Model, assumptions and sensitivity

Full annual recipient expense normalizes a conditional partial advocacy pathway, not five recurring budgets or a priced funding offer. Public/manufacturer implementation resources are not fully priced.

National USA burden and acquisition cohort; domestic outcome share1, no foreign benefits.

work=min(gift/annualRecipientCost,capacity<=1); delta=(pWith-pWithout)*work; finite discounted health from early-versus-late protection plus separately signed acquisition and episode consumption logs. combined=health+resources; positive price only if combined>0.

gift
10000 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
cost
256454 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (observed). Prior FY2024 original receipt plus fresh IRS-derived extraction; original re-retrieval inaccessible, not a marginal quote. [kacs-index]
pWith
0.255 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
pWithout
0.25 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
capacity
1 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
deaths
31 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (observed). NHTSA completed2025 surveillance count, not charity outcomes. [nhtsa-heatstroke]
effectiveness
0.6 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
coverageCap
0.8 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
annualCoverage
0.05 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
early
5 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
late
6 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
discount
0.03 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
lifeYears
60 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
lifeUtility
0.95 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
nonfatalPerDeath
1 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
nonfatalUtility
0.2 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
nonfatalYears
1 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
rescueHarm
0.05 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
households
100000000 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
baseline
50000 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
deviceCash
25 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
nonfatalCash
1000 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
rescueCash
-2500 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
overlap
0 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
policyHealthHarm
0 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
independentHealthHarm
0 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
independentCashHarm
0 See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
healthKnown
true See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]
incomeKnown
true See parameter definition and finite model ledger (judgment). Declared finite forecast prior, not measured organization effect. Cost/clinical/resource timing, cohort incidence and offsets described in cost section. [kacs-index] [nhtsa-heatstroke] [nhtsa-agenda26] [tc-test25] [income-method]

Conditional health-and-resource forecast: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.05; all-population health QALYs: 0.05. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.08. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

lowIncrementalPrice: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.05; all-population health QALYs: 0.05. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.05. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":15,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

zeroDevicePrice: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.05; all-population health QALYs: 0.05. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.00. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":0,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

higherDevicePrice: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.05; all-population health QALYs: 0.05. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.16. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":50,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

noPolicyDifference: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.00; all-population health QALYs: 0.00. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.00. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.25,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

replacement: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.01; all-population health QALYs: 0.01. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.01. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.2505,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

strongInfluence: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.11; all-population health QALYs: 0.11. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.16. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.26,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

capacity: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.01; all-population health QALYs: 0.01. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.02. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":0.01,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

clinicalLower: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.03; all-population health QALYs: 0.03. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.08. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.3,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

clinicalZero: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.00; all-population health QALYs: 0.00. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.08. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

clinicalUpper: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.07; all-population health QALYs: 0.07. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.08. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.8,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

life30: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.04; all-population health QALYs: 0.04. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.08. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":30,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

life80: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.06; all-population health QALYs: 0.06. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.08. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":80,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

oneMoreYearLead: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.11; all-population health QALYs: 0.11. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.16. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":4,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

policyDelay: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: -0.05; all-population health QALYs: -0.05. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.08. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":7,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

noAcceleration: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.00; all-population health QALYs: 0.00. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.00. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":6,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

morbidityUnpriced: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.05; all-population health QALYs: 0.05. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.08. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":0,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

households50m: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.05; all-population health QALYs: 0.05. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.04. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":50000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

healthUnknown: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: unknown; all-population health QALYs: unknown. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.08. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":false,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

incomeUnknown: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.05; all-population health QALYs: 0.05. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":false}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

allUnknown: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: unknown; all-population health QALYs: unknown. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":false,"incomeKnown":false}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

fullOverlap: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.05; all-population health QALYs: 0.05. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.08. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":1,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

policyHarm: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.05; all-population health QALYs: 0.05. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.08. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":10,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

independentHarmZeroBranch: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: -0.01; all-population health QALYs: -0.01. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.00. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.25,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0.01,"independentCashHarm":100,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

negativeEpisodeCash: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.05; all-population health QALYs: 0.05. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.08. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":256454,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":-1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

threeYearGrossMean: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.05; all-population health QALYs: 0.05. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.08. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":261740.66666666666,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

threeYearFunctionalMean: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.05; all-population health QALYs: 0.05. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.08. USA partial advanced-detection timing branch; not full portfolio or an identified marginal offer. Exact parameters={"gift":10000,"cost":260235,"pWith":0.255,"pWithout":0.25,"capacity":1,"deaths":31,"effectiveness":0.6,"coverageCap":0.8,"annualCoverage":0.05,"early":5,"late":6,"discount":0.03,"lifeYears":60,"lifeUtility":0.95,"nonfatalPerDeath":1,"nonfatalUtility":0.2,"nonfatalYears":1,"rescueHarm":0.05,"households":100000000,"baseline":50000,"deviceCash":25,"nonfatalCash":1000,"rescueCash":-2500,"overlap":0,"policyHealthHarm":0,"independentHealthHarm":0,"independentCashHarm":0,"healthKnown":true,"incomeKnown":true}. One-year resource windows have their own effective receipt delay; the discounted early-versus-late acquisition ledger converges completely. Reversed signed logs are accounting equivalents, not actual extra cash. Probability .005 is a standardized elicitation prior, not a measured KACS causal effect.

Historical initial health-only estimate: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: 0.11; all-population health QALYs: 0.11. Preserved original estimate, not current signed forecast. Historical alpha diagnostic, not beta expected value. Hot-car mortality only, all recipient reported costs. Inputs={"C":256454,"Y":5,"D":30,"d":0.8,"r":0.7,"k":0.9,"q":27,"b":0.5,"p":0.2,"a":0.2,"rate":0.05,"cap":0.8,"L1":3,"L0":6,"T":20,"g":0.99,"h":0}. Discounted incremental protected-risk years A=1.7247803796467673; full accelerated-adoption health H=704.12 QALYs. These are analyst scenarios, not measured charity effects.

Historical later review: influence unidentified: Cost: $10K; USA health QALYs: unknown; all-population health QALYs: unknown. Ordinary whole-recipient gift. No defensible expected recipient-specific influence or funding response; null is not zero.

Counterfactual: Same eventual advanced-system acquisition occurs later; current reminders/radar, public duties, manufacturers and other advocates continue. Actual price losses reverse only as accounting comparisons at later receipt dates.

Attribution: The .005 direct probability change is explicitly a standardized elicitation prior, not independently calibrated KACS causal influence. Other actors/reserves/replacement are included in this contrast once.

Partial conditional planning model dominated by unmeasured influence, effectiveness, homogeneous purchaser/risk mapping, net device price and morbidity/household cash incidence. No empirical scenario weights, complete-portfolio EV or donor readiness.

Sensitivity

  • Preferred net outcome is negative at net device cost$25; $15 gives about$1.7M per DALY. Neither is observed device pricing.
  • Same eventual device acquisition cancels undiscounted payment counts. Clinical-zero still retains costs and harms; independent harms survive zero influence.
  • Probability .0005/.005/.01, national cohort50M/100M, life30/60/80years and resource unknown are separate unweighted tests.

Unresolved inputs

  • Recipient-specific gift-induced staff/work response and influence on specification/timing.
  • Priced net technology incidence and risk-weighted purchaser mapping; morbidity and actual net household cash effects.
  • Original financial re-verification, current unrestricted liquidity/capacity and full social-resource/portfolio effects.

Health and income breakdown

For the modeled $10K: 0.05 health QALYs + -0.08 household-resource-equivalent years = -0.03 combined years. A nonpositive total has no positive-benefit price. Income equivalents are welfare comparisons, not observed clinical QALYs or DALYs.

Method and caveats.

5. Funding and previous grants

The prior original-return review recorded gross annual expenses of $265,887, $262,881 and $256,454 for FY2022–24, a mean of about $261,741. In this reassessment the original Form 990, XML and PDF retrieval routes were inaccessible; they were not freshly original-audited. The fresh IRS-derived index reports FY2023 functional expense $258,364, $4,517 below the historical gross figure. The prior review attributed the difference to direct event costs; this phase cannot re-verify that reconciliation, so both means remain sensitivity cases and historical annual rows are preserved.

FY2024 $256,454 is the conditional annual cost normalizer. The index’s historical revenue and assets do not establish current unrestricted liquidity, an uncovered funding gap, staff capacity or an additional match. No newer original accounts were verified here; inaccessible retrieval is not evidence that no filing exists. A priced incremental work plan, reserve/restriction reconciliation and influence milestone would materially improve donor assessment. Hypothetical work fractions are not purchasable outcomes, and the negative partial forecast does not establish the value of every other program.

Annual expenses

Organization-level spending, including programs, administration and fundraising. The research list averages three comparable, consecutive full fiscal years when available.

  • FY 2022: $266K; Kids and Cars Inc, EIN20-0024715, 12-month period, Recipient cash-basis Form990 functional expenses plus direct costs netted against revenue. Source
  • FY 2023: $263K; Kids and Cars Inc, EIN20-0024715, 12-month period, Recipient cash-basis Form990 functional expenses plus direct costs netted against revenue. Source
  • FY 2024: $256K; Kids and Cars Inc, EIN20-0024715, 12-month period, Recipient cash-basis Form990 functional expenses plus direct costs netted against revenue. Source

6. Sources

  1. Kids and Cars Inc FY2024 Form990. Kids and Cars Inc / IRS via ProPublica. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-09-29.
  2. Kids and Cars Inc FY2023 Form990. Kids and Cars Inc / IRS via ProPublica. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-09-29.
  3. Kids and Cars Inc FY2022 Form990. Kids and Cars Inc / IRS via ProPublica. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-09-29.
  4. FY2024 ScheduleD: other investments. Kids and Cars Inc / IRS via ProPublica. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-09-29.
  5. FY2024 ScheduleM: noncash contributions. Kids and Cars Inc / IRS via ProPublica. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-09-29.
  6. FY2024 ScheduleO: consultants and governance. Kids and Cars Inc / IRS via ProPublica. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-09-29.
  7. Current activities and mission. Kids and Car Safety. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-09-13.
  8. Accomplishments and history. Kids and Car Safety. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-09-13.
  9. Hot cars: federal legislation and technology. Kids and Car Safety. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-02.
  10. Hot-car incident documentation. Kids and Car Safety. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-09-29.
  11. Ordinary donation page and illustrative education costs. Kids and Car Safety. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-09-29.
  12. 2026 regulatory agenda: Rear Designated Seating Position Alert, RIN2127-AM49. NHTSA / OIRA. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-02.
  13. Prevent hot-car deaths: current burden and prevention. NHTSA. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-02.
  14. Testing rear-door-logic based unattended child reminder systems, DOT HS813669. Prasad and Snyder / NHTSA. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-02.
  15. New research evaluates technological solutions to prevent pediatric vehicular heatstroke. Jalaj Maheshwari / Children's Hospital of Philadelphia CIRP. Published: 2025-07-23; retrieved: 2026-10-02.
  16. Technical report: testing occupant monitoring systems. Transport Canada / National Research Council Canada. Published: 2025-09-04; retrieved: 2026-10-02.
  17. 2024 industry heatstroke report announcement. Alliance for Automotive Innovation. Published: 2024-11-04; retrieved: 2026-10-02.
  18. National Heatstroke Prevention Day partner event. Safe Kids Worldwide. Published: 2025-05-01; retrieved: 2026-09-29.
  19. Current IRS-derived filing index. IRS via ProPublica. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-02.
  20. 2026 press archive and legacy campaign. Kids and Car Safety. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-02.
  21. 2026 child hot-car deaths. Kids and Car Safety. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-09-29.
  22. PVH tally updated September 28, 2026. NoHeatstroke.org / Jan Null. Published: 2026-09-28; retrieved: 2026-09-29.
  23. Older monthly statistics with discrepancies. NoHeatstroke.org / Jan Null. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-09-29.
  24. 2025 US Sienna radar reminder specification. Toyota. Published: 2024-09-17; retrieved: 2026-10-02.
  25. Preventing real-world pediatric vehicular heatstroke events: primary author-institution abstract. Maheshwari et al / Drexel. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-02.
  26. Cost-effectiveness: income and health reference values. Coefficient Giving. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-09-30.