GiveBetter x Denver

Jefferson Center for Mental Health

Community mental health, substance-use treatment, crisis care and recovery support

Research time: ~3 min on GPT-6.1 Sol
  • Research — reviewed programs, finances and impact evidence.
  • Source audit — checked claims, assumptions and calculations.

Updated: 2026-10-06

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Summary

What do they do? Jefferson Center provides community mental health, substance-use, crisis and recovery services. Its matched FY2025 reference uses a broad envelope of over 24,681 individuals, not prescriptions or completed therapies. A partial depression-compatible care mechanism assesses health and signed household resources; other effects remain unknown.

Why we’re interested in this organization:

  • Matched original fiscal 2025 full expense and native client envelope.

  • An original randomized collaborative-care trial provides an explicit utility anchor and null/adverse uncertainty.

  • Clinical patients are separate from resource households, with public alternatives and full burdens retained.

Our main reservations:

  • Broad client reach does not identify the eligible completed depression-care subgroup.

  • External UK primary-care trial results are not recipient clinical outcomes.

  • Full annual expense covers crisis, substance use, pharmacy and other unquantified channels.

What do you get for your dollar? $4.3M per DALY in Denver. DALY is our one-year comparison unit. QALY-based health gains and income-welfare equivalents retain their original assumptions; they are not measured clinical DALYs. Matched FY2025 full recipient cost against partial depression-compatible care benefits; unknown crisis/substance/other effects, not whole-portfolio or marginal-gift EV..

FY2025 original IRS reports OVER24,681 individuals and59,933 prescriptions. Lower count24,681 used as broad envelope only.

1. What do they do?

Current care includes collaborative-care clinic, adult and child programs, substance-use treatment, crisis services, mobile medication-assisted treatment and recovery supports. Reported 59,933 prescriptions are not additional unique beneficiaries. Jefferson, Gilpin and Clear Creek service counties are inside the Denver CBSA, but county operations do not establish all client residences.

2. Monitoring and information sharing

Request deduplicated clients, diagnoses and completed dose by program; measured residence; comparable outcomes against active public services; patient/caregiver after-tax resources and access costs; and restricted marginal capacity. Match outcomes to the fiscal cost boundary rather than summing programs and prescriptions.

3. Qualitative assessment

Original CADET randomized 581 adults in 51 UK primary-care practices to collaborative care versus usual care, finding 0.02 incremental QALYs over twelve months with CI−.02 to .06 and no difference at 36 months. It excluded acute suicidality, psychosis/bipolar and primary alcohol/drug conditions. Thus only a judged depression-compatible subgroup is transferred conditionally, not the whole community-care portfolio. Local fidelity and alternative services can erase or alter gains.

4. What do you get for your dollar?

FYJune2025 full annual expense is $91,195,341, including $117,464 netted direct event costs. N=24,681 is an observed lower-envelope broad individual count, not treatment success. Eligibility .3, adequate delivery .7, incremental enhanced-care share .25 and Denver share .9 are judgments. q=.02 is already the average trial incremental annual QALY; response=1 avoids another clinical responder multiplication. Delivery .7 represents transfer/fidelity uncertainty, not a claimed empirical adjustment to trial intention-to-treat. Clinical patients retain full .0001 judged process harm; household uniqueness .85 affects resources only. Completed eligible incremental households have a .5 resource-success hypothesis and $400 net caregiver/adult work resources after taxes, benefits and work costs, with .5 positive overlap. Every client household retains $5 judged access/time burden regardless of benefit; intensity and high-cost scenarios acknowledge brief versus intensive services. Central actual copay avoidance and external payer loss are zero judgments, not measured absence. A recognized $76,489,720 all-program expense sensitivity excludes overhead but is not allocated depression cost. Other crisis, substance, housing and pharmacy benefits are unknown rather than zero.

Model, assumptions and sensitivity

FYJune2025 named recipient full functional expense plus netted event expense; no automatic related-entity aggregation. Partial depression channel benefits only.

Judged .9 ten-county Denver CBSA share. Jefferson/Gilpin/Clear Creek service geography supports local presence, not measured resident share.

Health = (N clinical patients × judged eligible subgroup × delivered dose × incremental mode share × average annual trial-reference QALY − full patient process harm) × local share. Patient health is not reduced by household grouping. Household resources jointly log net gains and full access costs; distinct payer loss localized once. Price =10C/(health+signed income).

C
91195341 USD annual (observed). Observed FY2025 functional $91,077,877 plus $117,464 direct event expense. [finance]
N
24681 annual broad individual client envelope (rounded lower bound) (observed). Observed FY2025 broad individual-client lower envelope24,681; not completed patients or household units. [annual]
unique
0.85 model parameter (judgment). Judged .85 resource household grouping only; clinical patient count unchanged. [services] [cg-cost]
eligible
0.3 model parameter (judgment). Judged .3 broad-client share compatible with depression-care mechanism; trial excluded serious/crisis/substance primary conditions. [services] [cg-cost]
completion
0.7 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]
b
0.25 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]
response
1 model parameter (judgment). One because q already averages trial clinical response; no second responder efficacy factor. [services] [cg-cost]
q
0.02 model parameter (judgment). Conditional transferred CADET average 0.02 annual QALYs versus active usual care, CI−.02,.06; not recipient efficacy. [services] [cg-cost]
T
1 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]
g
0.9 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]
delay
0.1 model parameter (judgment). Judged .1-year service engagement start shared by clinical care and access/resource costs. [services] [cg-cost]
r
0.03 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]
harm
0.0001 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]
success
0.5 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]
workGain
400 model parameter (judgment). Judged $400 after-tax/benefit/work-cost net adult or caregiver resources; no immediate child wages. [services] [cg-cost]
medicalGain
0 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]
overlap
0.5 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]
cost
5 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]
baseline
20000 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]
payerLoss
0 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]
externalCost
0 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]
payerPeople
10000 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]
payerBaseline
50000 model parameter (judgment). Explicit conditional judgment, not a measured causal recipient coefficient; adverse and null scenarios test this assumption. [services] [cg-cost]

central: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.11. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

trial lower interval: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: -25.47; all-population health QALYs: -28.30. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.11. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

trial upper interval: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 67.55; all-population health QALYs: 75.05. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.11. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

narrower depression subgroup: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 5.54; all-population health QALYs: 6.15. Income-equivalent healthy years: -1.53. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

no transfer superiority: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: -2.21; all-population health QALYs: -2.46. Income-equivalent healthy years: -2.35. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

active public alternative clinical and resource null: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: -2.21; all-population health QALYs: -2.46. Income-equivalent healthy years: -2.35. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

clinical patient unit no household reduction: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.06. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

clinical null: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: -2.21; all-population health QALYs: -2.46. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.11. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

financial only: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 0.00; all-population health QALYs: 0.00. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.11. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

zero benefit full burdens: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: -2.21; all-population health QALYs: -2.46. Income-equivalent healthy years: -2.35. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

no exposure: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 0.00; all-population health QALYs: 0.00. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.00. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

no gift no exposure: Cost: $0; Denver health QALYs: 0.00; all-population health QALYs: 0.00. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.00. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

adverse: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: -133.99; all-population health QALYs: -148.88. Income-equivalent healthy years: -8.61. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

unknown: Cost: unknown; Denver health QALYs: unknown; all-population health QALYs: unknown. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

no recipient resources: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: -2.35. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

clinical response null: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: -2.21; all-population health QALYs: -2.46. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.11. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

short health: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 3.60; all-population health QALYs: 4.00. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.11. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

one year health: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.11. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

low additionality: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 7.09; all-population health QALYs: 7.87. Income-equivalent healthy years: -1.37. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

all additionality: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 90.80; all-population health QALYs: 100.89. Income-equivalent healthy years: 7.48. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

half geography: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 5.84; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.03. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

no local share: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 0.00; all-population health QALYs: 0.00. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.00. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

no positive overlap: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: -2.35. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

full positive overlap: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: 2.54. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

negative overlap zero: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.97. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

negative overlap one: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.97. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

mixed resources: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.41. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

no access cost: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: 2.46. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

high access cost: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: -21.10. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

higher payer incidence: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: -0.39. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

higher volunteer opportunity: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.85. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

double cost: Cost: $182.4M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.11. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

recognized all program cost: Cost: $76.5M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.11. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

half connections: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 10.52; all-population health QALYs: 11.69. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.05. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

higher connections: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 31.56; all-population health QALYs: 35.07. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.16. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

household deduplication: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.09. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

no net work gain: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: -2.35. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

higher after cost work: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.72. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

no eligible subgroup: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: -2.21; all-population health QALYs: -2.46. Income-equivalent healthy years: -2.35. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

no completed dose: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: -2.21; all-population health QALYs: -2.46. Income-equivalent healthy years: -2.35. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

low clinical response: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 3.60; all-population health QALYs: 4.00. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.11. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

no copay otherwise paid: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.11. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

three full year mean cost: Cost: $86.6M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.11. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

low completed dose: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 1.11; all-population health QALYs: 1.23. Income-equivalent healthy years: -2.00. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

no volunteer opportunity: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 21.04; all-population health QALYs: 23.38. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.11. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

full completed dose: Cost: $91.2M; Denver health QALYs: 31.01; all-population health QALYs: 34.45. Income-equivalent healthy years: 1.16. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

Counterfactual: Medicaid/public mental-health provision, other clinicians and active usual care without additional enhanced service.

Attribution: Judged .3 depression-compatible subgroup, .7 delivered transfer dose and .25 incremental enhanced-care share; native reach is not causal clinical gain.

Eligibility, completion, active alternatives, clinical transfer, client residence, household grouping/resources and marginal gift capacity unmeasured. Other clinical channels unknown.

Sensitivity

  • trial lower interval: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • trial upper interval: $1.3M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • narrower depression subgroup: $22.8M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • no transfer superiority: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • active public alternative clinical and resource null: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • clinical patient unit no household reduction: $4.3M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • clinical null: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • financial only: $862.8M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • zero benefit full burdens: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • no exposure: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • no gift no exposure: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • adverse: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • unknown: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • no recipient resources: $4.9M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • clinical response null: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • short health: $24.6M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • one year health: $4.3M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • low additionality: $16.0M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • all additionality: $928K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • half geography: $15.5M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • no local share: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • no positive overlap: $4.9M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • full positive overlap: $3.9M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • negative overlap zero: $5.3M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • negative overlap one: $5.3M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • mixed resources: $5.2M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • no access cost: $3.9M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • high access cost: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • higher payer incidence: $4.4M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • higher volunteer opportunity: $5.3M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • double cost: $8.6M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • recognized all program cost: $3.6M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • half connections: $8.6M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • higher connections: $2.9M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • household deduplication: $4.3M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • no net work gain: $4.9M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • higher after cost work: $4.2M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • no eligible subgroup: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • no completed dose: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • low clinical response: $24.6M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • no copay otherwise paid: $4.3M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • three full year mean cost: $4.1M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • low completed dose: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • no volunteer opportunity: $4.3M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.
  • full completed dose: $2.8M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 broad client envelope with a judged depression-compatible subgroup, not summed statewide families or completed successes. The original CADET .02 average QALY is a conditional transfer reference, not all-recipient clinical efficacy; subgroup, delivery, household resources and alternative providers are judgments. Full annual costs include unknown other channels.

Unresolved inputs

  • Eligible depression clients and completed dose
  • Local controlled clinical outcomes and fidelity
  • Deduplicated household resources and residence
  • Other crisis/substance/pharmacy effects
  • Allocated channel costs and marginal donor capacity

Health and income breakdown

For the modeled $91.2M: 21.04 health QALYs + 0.11 income-equivalent healthy years in Denver: $4.3M per DALY. Income equivalents are welfare comparisons, not observed QALYs or DALYs.

Method and caveats.

5. Funding and previous grants

Current own giving page links a ColoradoGives recipient identifying EIN84-0474717; the destination returned HTTP200 without a transaction. Insurance, Medicaid and public mental-health provision shape alternatives and funding incidence. Donations may support unmet needs, but program revenue or financial deficits do not prove the next unrestricted gift creates incremental care. Related entities are not added to this recipient-only IRS boundary.

Annual expenses

Organization-level spending, including programs, administration and fundraising. The research list averages three comparable, consecutive full fiscal years when available.

  • FY 2025: $91.2M; org:jefferson-center, 12-month period, IRS full functional expenses plus netted direct event expenses. Source
  • FY 2024: $90.1M; org:jefferson-center, 12-month period, IRS full functional expenses plus netted direct event expenses. Source
  • FY 2023: $78.6M; org:jefferson-center, 12-month period, IRS full functional expenses plus netted direct event expenses. Source

6. Sources

  1. Current community services and public access. Jefferson Center for Mental Health. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  2. Original FY2025 broad clients and prescriptions. Jefferson Center for Mental Health. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  3. Original FY2025 full annual cost. IRS original filing. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  4. Original FY2024 full annual cost. IRS original filing. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  5. Original FY2023 full annual cost. IRS original filing. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  6. Original CADET randomized trial scientific summary. Richards et al., NIHR. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  7. Current giving page and recipient. Jefferson Center for Mental Health. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  8. ColoradoGives current legal recipient EIN and service counties. Jefferson Center for Mental Health. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  9. Current fees and Medicaid access. Jefferson Center for Mental Health. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  10. Health and signed income comparison framework. Coefficient Giving. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.