GiveBetter x Denver

Doctors Care

Integrated primary care, behavioral health and insurance access

Research time: ~8 min on GPT-6.1 Sol
  • Research — reviewed programs, finances and impact evidence.
  • Source audit — checked claims, assumptions and calculations.

Updated: 2026-10-07

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Summary

What do they do? Doctors Care provides primary and behavioral health care, care coordination and insurance navigation in Littleton. It serves insured and uninsured children and adults, using sliding fees and volunteer providers. The clinic offers access alongside public and insured alternatives; coverage clients may also be clinic patients.

Why we’re interested in this organization:

  • Matched FY2025 original costs and clinic client counts support an explicit annual reference.

  • Primary randomized insurance evidence informs financial protection and challenges unsupported earnings assumptions.

  • Clinical patients and household resources have distinct units, with full negative costs and completion gates.

Our main reservations:

  • Clinical utility, incremental care, household grouping and local residence remain judged rather than measured.

  • Insurance trial effects cannot be applied directly to mixed-age clinic clients; no local causal earnings gain was established.

  • Full recipient cost covers unquantified navigation and other services; the reference is not whole-portfolio or marginal-gift effectiveness.

What do you get for your dollar? $785K per DALY in Denver. DALY is our one-year comparison unit. QALY-based health gains and income-welfare equivalents retain their original assumptions; they are not measured clinical DALYs. Full annual recipient cost against conditional clinical-care and signed household-resource benefits; not entire portfolio or next-gift expected value..

Matched FY2025 2,569 clinic clients/7,920 visits;898 coverage clients/1,228 appointments;6,000 ambassador touchpoints not added. Counts are delivery, not successful incremental clinical outcomes.

1. What do they do?

Doctors Care, EIN 84-1150815, provides primary and behavioral care, care coordination and insurance assistance. Current eligibility is newborn through age 64, versus up-to-50 wording in the historical filing. Medicaid, CHP+, Anthem, Cigna and uninsured clients are accepted. The own get-involved page embeds the ColoradoGives Doctorscare form, which returned HTTP 200 without a donation transaction.

2. Monitoring and information sharing

The original FY2025 filing reports 2,569 clinic clients through 7,920 visits and a separate 898 coverage clients through 1,228 appointments. Neither the groups nor more than 6,000 outreach touchpoints can be added as independent patients. Average visits are not a completed clinical dose. Request residence, clinical patient deduplication, completed episodes, insurance mix, otherwise-paid spending, clinical utility and caregiver/adult net work resources.

3. Qualitative assessment

Clinical patients are now represented by the 2,569-client envelope; .8 household grouping affects only resources, not distinct patient health. The .3 incremental access, .4 clinical response, .03 utility and one-year persistence remain transparent hypotheses, not Oregon calibration. The original Oregon Medicaid lottery trial found depression and financial-protection improvements but no significant measured physical improvement over two years. SF-8 points are not QALYs. Its low-income uninsured adults differ from this mixed-age insured clinic and its alternatives. The original labor study found no significant employment or earnings effect. Central earnings are therefore zero as a judgment, not proof Doctors Care has no work benefit. Positive adult/caregiver earnings are tested only after clinical response; negative work resources are retained in full. Coverage-only and omitted portfolio channels remain unknown, not zero.

4. What do you get for your dollar?

Whole FY2025 annual expense remains $3,393,823, compared with $3,231,491 in 2024 and $2,989,134 in 2023; mean $3,204,816. The $2,790,718 integrated primary-clinic/client-program expense includes multiple services and is a recognized-program sensitivity, not allocated clinic-only full cost. The current reference is approximately $785K per DALY, versus $978K initially. The decrease reflects correcting clinical patient versus household units, partly offset by replacing unsupported earnings with more cautious medical-cash savings; it is not an observed improvement in organizational performance. Full annual cost against a partial clinical channel does not measure whole portfolio or a next gift. The $4.0M social-cost sensitivity is hypothetical, not an observed volunteer wage bill.

Model, assumptions and sensitivity

Whole FY2025 annual recipient functional cost against limited clinical partial benefits; combined-program recognized costs and social-resource sensitivities are not marginal gift prices.

Littleton clinic serves beyond its location; g .95 judged beneficiary share within fixed ten-county Denver CBSA19740, not observed residence or all-Colorado share.

Health = patient N × b × eligible × completion × response × q × discounted finite T × g minus full patient N × harm × g. Household resources use N × unique, then completed incremental access × success. Positive work additionally requires clinical response and adult/caregiver work share. Same household-year components jointly logged; distinct payer losses associated with local recipients included once. Price = 10C/(health + signed income equivalents) only when positive.

C
3393823 USD annual (observed). Original FY2025 full recipient annual expenses; clinic-only benefits are partial. [finance]
N
2569 annual clinical clients (observed). Original FY2025 2,569 clinic clients, not visits or added coverage clients. [finance]
unique
0.8 households per clinic client (judgment). Judged .8 household grouping applies only to resource flows, not patient health. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
eligible
1 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
completion
1 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
b
0.3 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
response
0.4 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
q
0.03 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
T
1 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
g
0.95 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
delay
0.1 model parameter (judgment). Judged .1-year engagement period for care and net access/resource flows; no known upfront costs capitalized into a later period. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
r
0.03 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
harm
0.0005 model parameter (judgment). Judged .0005 full process harm per exposed clinical patient, not household. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
success
0.3 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
workEligible
0.5 model parameter (judgment). Judged .5 adult/caregiver positive-work subgroup; no immediate child wages. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
workGain
0 model parameter (judgment). Central zero net earnings judgment informed by contrary original insurance labor evidence, not a measured clinic null. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
medicalGain
200 model parameter (judgment). Judged $200 otherwise-paid medical cash avoidance after existing insurance, before separate net access costs; trial direction not direct clinic coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
overlap
0.5 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
cost
75 model parameter (judgment). Judged $75 net additional fees/time/opportunity cost relative to alternatives, retained for all exposed households. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
baseline
20000 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
payerLoss
0 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
externalCost
0 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
payerPeople
10000 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]
payerBaseline
50000 model parameter (judgment). Explicit finite conditional judgment; original studies do not measure this Doctors Care coefficient. [services] [fees] [oregon-clinical] [oregon-labor] [cg-cost]

central: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.22. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

clinical null: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: -1.22; all-population health QALYs: -1.28. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.22. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

financial only: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 0.00; all-population health QALYs: 0.00. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.22. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

zero benefit full burdens: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: -1.22; all-population health QALYs: -1.28. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.66. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

no exposure: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 0.00; all-population health QALYs: 0.00. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.00. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

no gift no exposure: Cost: $0; Denver health QALYs: 0.00; all-population health QALYs: 0.00. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.00. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

adverse: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: -18.01; all-population health QALYs: -18.95. Income-equivalent healthy years: -5.43. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

unknown: Cost: unknown; Denver health QALYs: unknown; all-population health QALYs: unknown. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

no recipient resources: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.66. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

clinical response null: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: -1.22; all-population health QALYs: -1.28. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.22. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

short health: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 0.97; all-population health QALYs: 1.02. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.22. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

two year health: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 16.05; all-population health QALYs: 16.89. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.22. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

low additionality: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 1.70; all-population health QALYs: 1.79. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.51. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

all additionality: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 27.98; all-population health QALYs: 29.46. Income-equivalent healthy years: -2.20. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

half geography: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 3.97; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -1.69. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

no local share: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 0.00; all-population health QALYs: 0.00. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.00. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

no positive overlap: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.66. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

full positive overlap: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -2.78. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

negative overlap zero: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -5.88. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

negative overlap one: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -5.88. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

mixed resources: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -4.32. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

no access cost: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: 0.44. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

high access cost: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -9.34. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

higher payer incidence: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -10.23. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

external care cost: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -5.17. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

double cost: Cost: $6.8M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.22. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

program recognized cost: Cost: $2.8M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.22. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

half cohort: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 3.77; all-population health QALYs: 3.97. Income-equivalent healthy years: -1.61. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

household deduplication: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -2.01. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

higher net work resources: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -2.57. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

net work 500: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.00. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

no eligible subgroup: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: -1.22; all-population health QALYs: -1.28. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.66. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

no completed dose: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: -1.22; all-population health QALYs: -1.28. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.66. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

low health response: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: -0.12; all-population health QALYs: -0.13. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.22. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

medical saving and full payer loss: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.24. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

three full year mean cost: Cost: $3.2M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.22. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

full social resource hypothesis: Cost: $4.0M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.22. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

no medical cash avoidance: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.66. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

low medical cash avoidance: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.55. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

higher medical cash avoidance: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -2.78. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

one year delay: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.35; all-population health QALYs: 7.73. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.13. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

work response null: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: -1.22; all-population health QALYs: -1.28. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.22. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

work completion null: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: -1.22; all-population health QALYs: -1.28. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.66. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

work eligibility null: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: -1.22; all-population health QALYs: -1.28. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.66. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

no adult caregiver work subgroup: Cost: $3.4M; Denver health QALYs: 7.54; all-population health QALYs: 7.94. Income-equivalent healthy years: -3.22. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

Counterfactual: Other primary-care/FQHC providers, public or insurance-covered care, covered counseling and other enrollment assistance without Doctors Care.

Attribution: Incremental care b .3, separate clinical response .4 and resource success .3 are judgments. Clinical patients are not reduced by household grouping. Completion/eligibility gate both clinical and resource receipt; full exposed costs and harms remain when benefits fail.

Oregon supports mechanisms and contrary labor/physical-health evidence, not local QALY or cash coefficients. Mixed insurance, actual clinical completion, adult/caregiver composition, household grouping and residence remain uncertain.

Sensitivity

  • clinical null: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • financial only: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • zero benefit full burdens: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • no exposure: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • no gift no exposure: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • adverse: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • unknown: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • no recipient resources: $873K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • clinical response null: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • short health: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • two year health: $265K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • low additionality: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • all additionality: $132K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • half geography: $1.5M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • no local share: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • no positive overlap: $873K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • full positive overlap: $713K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • negative overlap zero: $2.0M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • negative overlap one: $2.0M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • mixed resources: $1.1M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • no access cost: $425K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • high access cost: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • higher payer incidence: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • external care cost: $1.4M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • double cost: $1.6M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • program recognized cost: $645K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • half cohort: $1.6M per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • household deduplication: $613K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • higher net work resources: $683K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • net work 500: $747K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • no eligible subgroup: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • no completed dose: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • low health response: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • medical saving and full payer loss: $788K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • three full year mean cost: $741K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • full social resource hypothesis: $925K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • no medical cash avoidance: $873K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • low medical cash avoidance: $849K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • higher medical cash avoidance: $713K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • one year delay: $806K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • work response null: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • work completion null: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • work eligibility null: no finite positive estimate. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.
  • no adult caregiver work subgroup: $785K per DALY. Conditional FY2025 clinic-patient reference with full-recipient annual cost. Clinical patient counts differ from household resources; causal utility, completion, additionality, Denver share and otherwise-paid spending are explicit judgments, not Oregon trial estimates.

Unresolved inputs

  • Unique completed care and household/program overlap
  • Causal utility, response and finite persistence
  • Actual net income, fees/time and external payer resources
  • Residence-based CBSA19740 share
  • Volunteer resource hours and marginal donor capacity

Health and income breakdown

For the modeled $3.4M: 7.54 health QALYs + -3.22 income-equivalent healthy years in Denver: $785K per DALY. Income equivalents are welfare comparisons, not observed QALYs or DALYs.

Method and caveats.

5. Funding and previous grants

The June 1, 2026 fee table gives all-visit fees $20/$25/$55/$80/$135/$160 and medical-assistant fees $5/$10/$20/$30/$50/$60. An older example disagrees with the table and is not used. The $75 cost is judged additional patient/household fees, time and opportunity costs relative to alternative care, not all gross travel. It applies to every exposed household independently of benefit. Patient process harm applies to the patient envelope independently of benefit. The $200 medical saving is a judged transport of the insurance trial financial-protection mechanism: otherwise-paid medical cash after existing coverage, before the separately modeled net access cost, not retail charity care. Oregon reduced annual out-of-pocket spending $215.35, but that is not an observed Doctors Care saving. Resource receipt requires eligible, completed incremental access, not clinical response; same household-year medical and work resources less costs are logged once. Only positive gains receive .5 overlap adjustment. Separate provider/payer losses apply to local transfers globally once; central zero extra loss is an accounting-boundary assumption, not evidence of no outside cost. Noncash revenue is not automatically added again to spending. Clinical-null, zero cash saving, extra payer cost and social-cost cases materially test the reference. Donor expansion capacity remains unknown. Central signed household resources are -3.22 healthy-year equivalents: the judged medical savings do not offset modeled fees/time across the full exposed household cohort. Clinical-null combined benefit is negative, so that case has no finite positive price.

Annual expenses

Organization-level spending, including programs, administration and fundraising. The research list averages three comparable, consecutive full fiscal years when available.

  • FY 2025: $3.4M; org:doctors-care, 12-month period, IRS full functional expenses plus netted direct event expenses. Source
  • FY 2024: $3.2M; org:doctors-care, 12-month period, IRS full functional expenses plus netted direct event expenses. Source
  • FY 2023: $3.0M; org:doctors-care, 12-month period, IRS full functional expenses plus netted direct event expenses. Source

6. Sources

  1. Original FY2025 IRS990. IRS original filing. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  2. Original FY2024 IRS990. IRS original filing. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  3. Original FY2023 IRS990. IRS original filing. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  4. Current new-patient eligibility and care alternatives. Doctors Care. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  5. Current sliding fee scale effective June2026. Doctors Care. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  6. Current legal recipient financial information. Doctors Care. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  7. Recipient donor page and embedded ColoradoGives route. Doctors Care. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  8. Health and net-resource comparison. Coefficient Giving. Published: not stated; retrieved: 2026-10-06.
  9. Original Oregon Medicaid clinical and financial-protection randomized trial. Baicker et al., New England Journal of Medicine; author-hosted MIT original. Published: 2013-05-02; retrieved: 2026-10-07.
  10. Original Oregon Medicaid labor-market study. Baicker, Finkelstein, Song and Taubman; NBER. Published: 2013-10-01; retrieved: 2026-10-07.