{"modelVersion":"berkeley-need-whole-gift-unique-cohort-v1","sources":[{"publisher":"IRS via ProPublica","title":"NEED FY2025 Form 990","url":"https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/full_text/202621309349300527/IRS990","published":"Submitted May 10, 2026; year ended June 30, 2025","retrieved":"2026-09-11","sourceType":"Primary financial filing"},{"publisher":"IRS via ProPublica","title":"NEED FY2025 Schedule O","url":"https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/full_text/202621309349300527/IRS990ScheduleO","published":"Submitted May 10, 2026","retrieved":"2026-09-11","sourceType":"Primary filing supplement"},{"publisher":"City of Berkeley","title":"Biennial Syringe Services Report: separate NEED calendar-2022 section, pages 6–7","url":"https://berkeleyca.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2023-06-27%20Item%2050%20Biennial%20Syringe%20Services%20Report.pdf","published":"June 27, 2023","retrieved":"2026-09-11","sourceType":"Primary administrative activity report"},{"publisher":"Berkeley NEED","title":"About NEED and organizational history","url":"https://berkeleyneed.org/about/","published":"Undated live page; includes 2025 updates","retrieved":"2026-09-11","sourceType":"Primary service and identity"},{"publisher":"Berkeley NEED","title":"Services and projects","url":"https://www.berkeleyneed.org/sp/index.php","published":"Undated live page; includes 2025 updates","retrieved":"2026-09-11","sourceType":"Primary service scope"},{"publisher":"Berkeley NEED","title":"Donation route and current in-kind request","url":"https://www.berkeleyneed.org/donate/","published":"Undated","retrieved":"2026-09-11","sourceType":"Primary giving page, not a marginal price"},{"publisher":"DHCS","title":"Naloxone Distribution Project","url":"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/individuals/naloxone-distribution-project/","published":"Undated live program page","retrieved":"2026-09-11","sourceType":"Primary public-supply baseline"},{"publisher":"DHCS","title":"NDP frequently asked questions","url":"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/individuals/naloxone-distribution-project/ndp-frequently-asked-questions/","published":"Live page includes April 2026 product update","retrieved":"2026-09-11","sourceType":"Primary public program requirements"},{"publisher":"Walley et al., BMJ","title":"Opioid overdose rates and implementation of overdose education and nasal naloxone distribution in Massachusetts","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4688551/","published":"January 2013","retrieved":"2026-09-11","sourceType":"Primary observational intervention study"},{"publisher":"Weiner et al., Annals of Emergency Medicine","title":"One-Year Mortality of Patients After Emergency Department Treatment for Nonfatal Opioid Overdose","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31229387/","published":"Online June 20, 2019; January 2020 issue","retrieved":"2026-09-11","sourceType":"Primary retrospective prognosis cohort"},{"publisher":"HEALing Communities Study Consortium, NEJM","title":"Community-Based Cluster-Randomized Trial to Reduce Opioid Overdose Deaths","url":"https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2401177","published":"2024; September 19 journal issue","retrieved":"2026-09-11","sourceType":"Primary randomized multicomponent implementation trial"}],"evaluated":{"modelVersion":"berkeley-need-whole-gift-unique-cohort-v1","gift":10000,"wholeExpense":357858,"historicalKits":2135,"results":[{"id":"funding-null","weight":0.25,"uniquePeople":427,"baseHazard":0.047,"supportedHazard":0.045,"qPerPerson":0.00868660249813644,"maxPerPerson":6.060267872441807,"naloxoneQ":3.70917926670426,"independentHarmQ":0,"annualQ":0,"annualBayQ":0,"giftQ":0,"giftBayQ":0,"bayCostPer10":null},{"id":"harm","weight":0.1,"uniquePeople":427,"baseHazard":0.047,"supportedHazard":0.047,"qPerPerson":0,"maxPerPerson":6.060267872441807,"naloxoneQ":0,"independentHarmQ":0.854,"annualQ":-0.427,"annualBayQ":-0.40564999999999996,"giftQ":-0.011932107148645552,"giftBayQ":-0.011335501791213273,"bayCostPer10":null},{"id":"cautious","weight":0.25,"uniquePeople":85.4,"baseHazard":0.07100000000000001,"supportedHazard":0.07085000000000001,"qPerPerson":0.00029618088073350517,"maxPerPerson":2.7888386239697147,"naloxoneQ":0.025293847214641344,"independentHarmQ":0.00854,"annualQ":0.004188461803660335,"annualBayQ":0.003769615623294302,"giftQ":0.00011704256447139188,"giftBayQ":0.00010533830802425268,"bayCostPer10":949322253.941808},{"id":"central","weight":0.3,"uniquePeople":427,"baseHazard":0.047,"supportedHazard":0.045,"qPerPerson":0.00868660249813644,"maxPerPerson":6.060267872441807,"naloxoneQ":3.70917926670426,"independentHarmQ":0.0854,"annualQ":1.81188963335213,"annualBayQ":1.7212951516845234,"giftQ":0.05063152516786351,"giftBayQ":0.048099948909470336,"bayCostPer10":2079004.2872646614},{"id":"favorable","weight":0.1,"uniquePeople":1281,"baseHazard":0.048,"supportedHazard":0.039,"qPerPerson":0.05935450079003085,"maxPerPerson":9.087091461200819,"naloxoneQ":76.03311551202953,"independentHarmQ":0.25620000000000004,"annualQ":56.83268663402214,"annualBayQ":56.26435976768192,"giftQ":1.5881351439403937,"giftBayQ":1.5722537925009898,"bayCostPer10":63602.96313289831}],"weightedAnnualBayQ":6.103201926179373,"weightedAnnualQ":6.1851826688587686,"weightedGiftBayQ":0.17054814832082482,"bayCostPer10":586344.6832145376,"allCostPer10":578573.0497528354,"favorableShare":0.9218826518968483,"probabilityBelow1M":0.1,"probabilityBelow100K":0.1,"grossResourceCostPer10":null},"comparison":{"basis":"central scenario","bayUsdPerTenQalys":2079004.2872646614},"verifiedMarginalFundingOffer":null,"interpretation":"Exploratory partial health estimate; central scenario and signed probability-weighted result are distinct. See report for assumptions and uncertainty."}